The coronavirus pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges globally and has had a significant impact on the international air transport sector. As COVID-19 vaccines are being progressively rolled out, the speed of their delivery is key to effectively combating the pandemic.
Regulators around the world may need to take exceptional measures to ensure that COVID-19 vaccines are distributed successfully to support global recovery efforts. However, the use of alternative security measures, should be strictly limited, be applied on a temporary basis, and clearly defined in a State's National Civil Aviation Security Programme.
This page is intended to help States and Industry apply aviation security measures while facilitating a smooth flow of vaccines throughout the supply chain and to the final destination.
To facilitate the safe, secure, and effective distribution of COVID-19 vaccines as air cargo, States are encouraged to apply the guidance provided in Chapter 13 of the ICAO Aviation Security Manual (Doc 8973 - Restricted) and in this website.
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Further suggested actions by States for the secure transportation of COVID-19 vaccines in line with applicable ICAO aviation security provisions are as follows:
COVID-19 vaccines should be considered high-value shipments. Where required by other national authorities, a State's AA should facilitate the implementation of measures aimed to protecting such shipments from non-aviation security-related related threats (i.e. criminal threats). At the same time, the AA should ensure that the ability of aviation security measures applied to safeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference is not compromised. It is thus advised that different authorities and stakeholders address different risks in coordination with one another. If appropriate, such coordination could be undertaken by the State's National Civil Aviation Security/Facilitation Committees. It is essential that a robust communication process is in place between all affected entities, including airport operators and operation coordinators at and around airports involved with the shipment of vaccines to ensure timely distribution of information.
To this end, States may also wish to consider guidelines issued by other international organizations and industry bodies on provisions which may apply to the general security of COVID-19 vaccines during transportation.
In general, States should also coordinate closely with various operational stakeholders to facilitate the movement of COVID-19 vaccines at airports, and also consider plans to accommodate contingency situations (e.g. diversion of aircraft carrying shipments of COVID-19 vaccines).
Quick Links
Quick and direct access to standardized guidance material, tools, and expert support developed by ICAO, and other International and Industry Organizations to address challenges posed by the COVID-19 vaccine distribution.
1 Annex 17 Standard 3.1.5 and Recommended Practice 3.1.4.
2 Annex 17 Standards 4.8.1, 4.8.2 and 4.8.3.
3 Annex 17 Standard 4.9.1.
4 States may wish to limit such application of exemptions for screening and/or supply chain security measures to only specific vaccines (such as COVID-19 vaccines) which require such exemptions, instead of automatically exempting all vaccines from screening and/or secure supply chain security measures.
5 States may also refer to the guidance on the alignment of Regulated Agent/ Known Consignor and Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) regime in establishing their secure supply chain. Please refer to Appendix 30 of the ICAO Aviation Security Manual (Doc 8973 – Restricted).
6 For example, States may require that COVID-19 vaccines should be clearly indicated in shipping documentation, such as the airway bill. Where it is deemed necessary, States may also request additional information/description to be provided from reliable sources of COVID-19 vaccines, such the nature of the vaccines, their transport containers, and what possible security controls could be applied without damaging the shipment, which may assist in verifying that the shipments are genuine.